Cortical visual impairment (CVI) is a neurological issue that affects the visual part of the brain causing a variety of visual problems. Very often, people with CVI will have a normal eye exam because the physical aspects of the eye are intact and function appropriately. It is possible that someone may have an additional visual problem along with CVI, but that would not explain the abnormal visual behaviors that are associated with CVI.
CVI is caused by damage to the areas of the brain related to the visual process. Traumatic brain injury, stroke, decreased oxygen or blood supply to the brain, and certain neurologic disorders are examples of situations that can cause CVI.
The characteristics of CVI vary from person to person. Some of the most identifiable include:
- Specific color preferences (oftentimes red and yellow)
- Problems attending to visual stimuli
- Delay in responding to visual stimuli
- Light gazing
- Eccentric viewing of objects and people
- Better reaction to visual stimuli that is moving or shiny in color
Practical Implications
In practical terms, someone with CVI will function as a person who is blind or with a significant vision impairment even though there is likely nothing wrong with their eyes. Because CVI is caused by serious trauma to the brain, it is commonly associated with other physical, cognitive, and sensory disabilities.
Because of the complex and individualized nature of CVI, it is advised that professionals working with a person who has CVI consult with a vision specialist with knowledge of the situation to identify the best strategies for working with that individual.